Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Detailed Step-by-Step Solution (GATE AE 2025 Q.1)**
**1. Intuitive Physical Setup & Given Parameters**:
We are given the verbal analogy:
\text{Courage} : \text{Bravery} :: \text{Yearning} : \text{__________}
We need to select the most appropriate word to complete the analogy from:
Longing, Yelling, Yawning, Glaring.
**2. Step-by-Step Linguistic Derivation**:
1. **Semantic Relationship in the First Pair**:
- *Courage* and *Bravery* are direct synonyms, both denoting the quality of mind or spirit that enables a person to face difficulty, danger, or pain without fear.
2. **Finding the Synonym for the Second Term**:
- *Yearning* is a feeling of intense longing, deep desire, or craving for something.
- Examining the options:
- *Longing*: a strong, persistent yearning or desire (exact synonym of yearning).
- *Yelling*: shouting loudly (acoustic action, irrelevant).
- *Yawning*: opening mouth involuntarily from fatigue (physiological reflex, irrelevant).
- *Glaring*: staring fiercely or giving off a harsh bright light (visual act, irrelevant).
3. Therefore, the exact synonym relationship gives **Longing**.
**3. Comprehensive Options & Distractor Analysis**:
- **(A) Longing**: ✅ **CORRECT**. Direct synonym matching the relation Courage $\to$ Bravery.
- **(B) Yelling**: ❌ **INCORRECT**. Phonetic distractor starting with 'Y'.
- **(C) Yawning**: ❌ **INCORRECT**. Phonetic distractor.
- **(D) Glaring**: ❌ **INCORRECT**. Unrelated meaning.
**4. Official Master Key & Exam Takeaway**:
- **Official Answer Key**: **A**
- **Exam Takeaway**: Identify the relationship type in the reference pair (synonymy, antonymy, part-to-whole) before testing target vocabulary.